nutrition_enterale

Nutritional management during chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 08:22:01 +0000

Author Names: Kimura Y.,Gakuhara A.,Fukuda S.,Fukuda Y.,Yoshihara T.,Koga C.,Haraguchi N.,Hida J.-I.

Database Source: Embase Weekly Updates

Journal Title: Esophagus

Article Title: Nutritional management during chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer

Year: 2025

Issue: 3

Volume: 22

Abstract: Advanced esophageal cancer is treated by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, chemoradiotherapy, and immunotherapy. However, the stenosis caused by the tumor and cancer-related chronic inflammation leads to inadequate food intake, weight loss, and nutrition problems. Given that poor pre-treatment nutritional status increases the risks of treatment-related adverse events and a poor prognosis, the nutrition guidelines recommend a pre-treatment nutritional assessment. When malnutrition is present, nutritional interventions, such as dietary guidance and enteral nutrition supplements, provided by the medical team may reduce treatment-related adverse events. However, whether nutritional intervention improves the prognosis is a topic for future research, including randomized controlled trials. This review discusses the literature on nutritional management in patients undergoing chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer. Copyright © The Author(s) 2025.

Crohn's Disease Patients Referred for Home Parenteral Nutrition-A Comprehensive Analysis of 18 Years' Experience at a National Reference Centre

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 08:22:01 +0000

Author Names: Banasiak S.,Panczyk M.,Sobocki J.,Zaczek Z.

Database Source: Embase Weekly Updates

Journal Title: Nutrients

Article Title: Crohn's Disease Patients Referred for Home Parenteral Nutrition-A Comprehensive Analysis of 18 Years' Experience at a National Reference Centre

Year: 2025

Issue: 10

Volume: 17

Abstract: Background: Within 10 years of diagnosis, about 50% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) require surgery. Repeated small bowel resections can lead to the development of short bowel syndrome (SBS). It is estimated that 65-75% of CD patients are malnourished. This retrospective observational study was conducted in a Polish reference centre for home parenteral nutrition (HPN). The aim of the study was to investigate the nutritional status and characteristics of patients with CD referred to HPN and to analyse the course of their HPN treatment. Method(s): The study group consisted of all adult patients (N = 46) with CD who qualified for HPN between November 2004 and April 2022. Result(s): The most common indication for HPN was SBS (n = 27; 58.70%), followed by ineffective gastrointestinal nutrition causing progressive malnutrition (N = 9; 19.57%), fistulas (N = 6; 13.04%), and short bowel syndrome and fistulas (N = 4; 8.70%). According to the results of Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), 47.83% (N = 22) of patients were diagnosed with severe malnutrition, followed by 15 patients (32.61%) with moderate malnutrition. Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria showed that 71.73% (n = 33) of patients were malnourished on admission to the HPN centre. All patients received parenteral formulas based on individually tailored prescriptions. The results showed that patients with a stoma received statistically significantly higher PN volumes (p = 0.027) and higher amounts of amino acids (p = 0.046) and fat emulsion (p = 0.046). Septic complications were twice as common as mechanical or metabolic complications, although 43.47% of patients had no complications. At the time of data analysis, 19 patients (41.30%) had been successfully weaned from HPN, of whom 12 (26%) achieved nutritional autonomy after 136-1419 days (mean: 560 +/- 380.9). Conclusion(s): Malnutrition is a major problem in CD patients, especially those with SBS. Early nutritional intervention and consideration of artificial nutrition in this study group (HPN) are necessary to prevent the long-term consequences of severe malnutrition. To our knowledge, this was the first study to report on Crohn's patients referred to long-term HPN. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of HPN on functional, laboratory, and anthropometric outcomes with a view to optimising treatment outcomes. Copyright © 2025 by the authors.

Research hotspots in nutrition for patients with head and neck cancer from 2014 to 2024

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 08:22:01 +0000

Author Names: Wang S.,Liu M.,An N.,Wang D.,Huang Q.,Lin Z.

Database Source: Embase Weekly Updates

Journal Title: Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

Article Title: Research hotspots in nutrition for patients with head and neck cancer from 2014 to 2024

Year: 2025

Issue: 6

Volume: 33

Abstract: Objective To understand the current status, international cooperation, research hotspots, and development trends of nutritional studies on patients with head and neck cancer from 2014 to 2024, and to predict future research trends. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched to retrieve nutritional studies on patients with head and neck cancer from January 2014 to March 2024. The type of studies were"articles,"the language was English, CiteSpace 6.1 R6 software was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis, and the results were visualized to form a scientific knowledge map. Results A total of 1 528 documents were retrieved, with a linear increase in the number of annual publications. The country with the highest number of publications was the United States, and the institution with the highest number of publications was the University of Queensland, with closer collaboration between authors and institutions. The most frequently cited publication was a set of nutrition guidelines, and the highest-impact articles were mainly concerned with performing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Keyword analysis showed that quality of life, radiotherapy, and weight loss were the keywords of highest interest. The keyword cluster analysis resulted in 17 clusters, which were divided into five main categories: head and neck cancer, treatment, outcome results, intervention modalities, and rehabilitation. Body composition, enteral nutrition, and accelerated postoperative rehabilitation were persistent research hotspots. Keyword highlighting revealed that"enhanced recovery after surgery"has been the focus of research in the last two years, with"index"and"model"emerging as theme words. Conclusion The number of publications in the literature related to nutrition for patients with head and neck cancer has increased annually over the past 10 years. The research hotspots mainly focus on the quality of life and weight loss during radiotherapy, the content and application prospect of body composition assessment, different modes of nutritional support interventions and enteral nutritional tube feeding routes, and perioperative nutritional management in enhanced recovery after surgery. The potential clinical value of preoperative nutritional intervention under the concept of enhanced recovery and the construction of new types of nutritional index are the trends of future research. Copyright © 2025 by Editorial Department of Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases.

Medical nutrition therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A narrative review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 08:22:01 +0000

Author Names: Savino-Lloreda P.,Lopez-Daza D.,Casas-Herrera A.

Database Source: Embase Weekly Updates

Journal Title: Nutrition in Clinical Practice

Article Title: Medical nutrition therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A narrative review

Year: 2025

Issue:

Volume:

Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous lung condition characterized by persistent airflow obstruction, associated with cardiovascular, metabolic and musculoskeletal comorbidities. In 2022, approximately 480 million people were affected by this disease, making it the third leading cause of mortality worldwide. Projections indicate that by 2050, this number could rise to 600 million. Nutrition status is a fundamental component in managing COPD patients, as it is a critical prognostic factor for morbidity and mortality. Patients with COPD may display different body composition phenotypes, ranging from cachexia to obesity to sarcopenia. Assessing body composition is essential to determine muscle mass, the latter crucial for respiratory function, and also to identify potential health risks and complications. Likewise, involuntary weight loss and decreased fat-free mass are associated with increased mortality. COPD should be viewed as a syndrome, or as a multimorbidity coexisting with other conditions, requiring comprehensive clinical and nutrition assessment for effective management. Nutrition intervention, including oral supplements, is crucial to preserve muscle mass and weight. Supplementation with protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants, along with pulmonary rehabilitation, improves muscle strength and exercise tolerance. This narrative review examines nutrition phenotypes and highlights the importance of nutrition interventions in patients with COPD. A multimodal approach combining nutrition support, physical exercise, and pharmacological treatments is essential for managing COPD and its associated comorbidities. Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Nutrition in Clinical Practice published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.

ECMO patient energy requirements: A descriptive, retrospective cohort study

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 08:22:01 +0000

Author Names: Pelekhaty S.L.,Rector R.P.,Wu Z.J.,Grazioli A.,Plazak M.E.,Taylor B.S.,Griffith B.P.,Shah A.,Stein D.M.,Scalea T.M.,Rabin J.

Database Source: Embase Weekly Updates

Journal Title: Nutrition in Clinical Practice

Article Title: ECMO patient energy requirements: A descriptive, retrospective cohort study

Year: 2025

Issue:

Volume:

Abstract: Background: Indirect calorimetry (IC) in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is complicated. This study presents a novel IC method for this population and compares energy expenditure (EE) from IC with predictive equations. Method(s): IC was performed at the native lung using a Q-NRG+ indirect calorimeter. A CO<inf>2</inf> sensor connected to the ECMO oxygenator primary exhalation port collected FeCO<inf>2</inf> during IC studies. ECMO-VO<inf>2</inf> and ECMO-VCO<inf>2</inf> were calculated from sweep gas oxygen concentration, FeCO<inf>2</inf>, and sweep flow. EE was calculated from the combined readings. EE was compared with 25 kcal/kg, 30 kcal/kg, and Mifflin St Jeor. Subanalysis compared EE over time (ECMO days 1-3, 4-10, 11-21, and >21) and between venoarterial and venovenous patients. Result(s): In total, 90 assessments in 52 patients were analyzed. The cohort was 67.3% male with a median age of 54 years, and median ECMO duration of 207 h. EE was 1523 +/- 432 kcal/day (18.9 +/- 6.9 kcal/kg/day). Energy needs did not vary significantly over time (P = 0.24); however, readings from days 11 to 21 were higher than days 1-3 (P = 0.0497). No significant differences between cannulation types were observed. EE was significantly lower than all predicted results (P < 0.001). Mean difference between EE and predicted energy ranged from 413 to 1099 kcal/day. No equation was strongly correlated with EE (r<inf>s</inf> = 0.15-0.61) overall or after stratification by cannulation type. Conclusion(s): This study presents a viable method for incorporating IC in patients receiving ECMO. Using this method, EE in patients receiving ECMO was significantly lower than predicted. Using IC may help prevent overfeeding. Copyright © 2025 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.

Nutrition issues in adult hematopoietic cell transplantation: A narrative review of latest advances.