Feed InformerBehavioral Biopsychosocial Criminology ReviewBehavioral Biopsychosocial Criminology ReviewRespective post owners and feed distributors2013-12-18T06:26:43-04:00Feed Informer http://feed.informer.com/http://feed.informer.com/digests/Q0SQF50SSP/feederPolice shootings, violent crime, race and socio‐economic factors in municipalities in the United States of AmericaCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Both police shootings and violent crime remain high in the United States of America compared to other developed nations but debates continue about whether race, mental health or other social factors are related to them.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>Our aim was to test relationships between community factors indicative of socio-economic status, racial demographics, police shootings, and violent crime.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>Data on police shootings, violent crime and community sociodemographic factors were drawn from two publicly accessible datasets: health and police records of 100 US municipalities and relationships between them explored using regression analyses.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>Data were from the 100 largest US municipalities as designated by the mapping police violence database. The median per capital violent crime rate was 5.94 and median killings by police per 10 thousand arrests was 13.7. Violent crime was found to be related mainly to income inequality and lower academic achievement in the community. Race was unrelated to violent crime after controlling for other factors. Police shootings were found to be related to community level mental health concerns, food insecurity and the municipality's violent crime rate.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>The evidence suggests that socio-economic factors are the primary drivers of both violent crime perpetration and police shootings. Policy approaches aimed at improving education and reducing poverty are likely to mitigate both violent crime and police shootings. However, it is important to recognise that being Black is an indicator of particular disadvantage within this context. This underscores the need for comprehensive strategies that address the systemic issues of racial disparities and socio-economic inequality, while also acknowledging the complex interplay of race, poverty and policing in the context of violent crime and police shootings.</p>2024-03-15T07:17:54Zurn:uuid:575d20f0-7da5-1c0c-36af-44806144afb8
Howard Henderson,
Jennifer Wyatt Bourgeois,
Sven Smith,
Christopher J. Ferguson,
Juan Barthelemy
Psychometric properties of the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire‐short form among law enforcement officersAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Repeatedly capturing national headlines, excessive law enforcement officer (LEO) use of force in critical incident encounters is one of the most divisive human rights issues in the United States. Valid and reliable measures of potential precursors to LEO excessive use of force, such as aggression, are needed. The Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire-short form (BPAQ-SF) is a validated measure of aggression across various populations; however, evaluation of this easily administered measure in high-stress, frontline populations such as LEOs is limited. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the validity, reliability, and sensitivity to change the BPAQ-SF in a sample of LEOs. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the hierarchical solution provides a mixed fit to the data: SBχ²<sub>(25.84)</sub> = 62.50, <i>p</i> = .0001; comparative fit index = .94, non-normed fit index = .92, root mean square error of approximation = .19 (90% confidence interval = .17–.21), standardized root mean squared residual = .08. The BPAQ-SF demonstrated good internal consistency (<i>α</i> = .84) and test–retest reliability (<i>r</i> = .86), correlations in the expected direction with predictors of and buffers against aggression, and sensitivity to change among LEOs who participated in an intervention targeting aggression. Results support and extend previous findings suggesting that the BPAQ-SF is a valid and reliable measure of aggression among LEOs.</p>2024-03-13T11:19:33Zurn:uuid:0983c7f3-6b07-eaa7-9eab-9a5886c1409d
Michael Christopher,
Marissa Ferry,
Akeesha Simmons,
Alicia Vasquez,
Brooke Reynolds,
Daniel Grupe
The effect of aggressive fantasizing on aggressive inclinations: Moderating effects of dispositional anger expressionAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Experiencing victimization or mistreatment often induces feelings of anger. The catharsis hypothesis suggests that venting anger may aid in alleviating these negative emotions. Although this hypothesis has faced criticism, therapeutic interventions rooted in catharsis are employed to assist victims in managing their anger. One notable application of the catharsis principle in psychotherapeutic practice with victims involves engaging in aggressive fantasies: Victims who harbor aggressive fantasies against their offenders are supported in working with these fantasies to navigate the complex emotions arising from their victimization. Research investigating the effects of aggressive fantasizing on victims has yielded inconsistent findings, with some studies indicating positive and others suggesting negative outcomes. Herein, we examine whether (instructed) aggressive fantasizing diminishes (catharsis hypothesis) or heightens (escalation hypothesis) subsequent aggressive inclinations compared to non-aggressive fantasizing. Additionally, the moderating role of victims' dispositional tendencies to express anger, specifically Anger Expression-out and Anger Expression-control, in the relationship between aggressive fantasizing and aggressive inclinations was examined. We recruited individuals (<i>N</i> = 245) who had experienced victimization through highly unfair treatment and instructed them to imagine confronting their wrongdoer using either aggressive or non-aggressive communication. Participants then reported their aggressive inclinations. Data supported the escalation hypothesis, revealing that aggressive fantasizing amplifies subsequent aggressive inclinations. Importantly, individuals with higher Anger Expression-out demonstrated greater susceptibility to this effect; whereas, Anger Expression-control did not moderate the link between aggressive fantasizing and inclinations. These findings further challenge the catharsis hypothesis and underscore the role of dispositional anger expression tendencies on the effects of aggressive fantasizing.</p>2024-03-11T18:44:36Zurn:uuid:8c732205-c7a0-c44c-0e5e-11082f225dbb
Mathias Twardawski,
Eva‐Maria Angerl,
Jill Lobbestael
How online data informs forensic mental health evaluations of sexual behavior: An overviewBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>The Internet plays a pervasive role in modern life including the expression of human sexuality and sexual offending. A range of online sexual activities may be of interest in forensic mental health evaluations (FMHE), including those which are clearly illegal or those which are legal but functionally problematic. Online sexual offenses will clearly prompt forensic evaluators to consider the role of the Internet in these offending behaviors. The Internet may also be relevant in forensic evaluations of contact sexual offending including informing on history of mixed or cross-over offending, and Internet-facilitated contact offenses. A review of Internet-data may span several online domains, many of which provide the user with substantial anonymity and would likely not be available to the evaluator unless provided through the process of discovery. Early guidelines for the review of Internet-data in FMHEs have been proposed and support the Internet as a useful source of collateral data in the conduct of forensic evaluations of sexual behavior.</p>2024-03-08T19:12:20Zurn:uuid:f1aac11c-9381-6ad4-448b-370e20f012a8
Camille Morgan,
Carolina Klein
Forensic psychiatric issues in intellectual disabilityBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Forensic psychiatrists and neuropsychiatrists are likely to encounter individuals with intellectual disability as they are over-represented in the judicial system. These individuals may have the full range of mental illnesses and comorbid conditions, including physical infirmity, sensory deficits, language impairment, and maladaptive behaviors. They are frequently disadvantaged in the judicial system due to lack of comprehension, lack of accommodations, and stigmatization. Decision making capacity may need to be assessed for health care, sexual autonomy, marriage, financial management, making a will, and need for guardianship. The usual approach to conducting an evaluation needs adaptation to fit the unique characteristics and circumstances of the individual with intellectual disability. The forensic consultant can assist attorneys, defendants, and victims in recommending accommodations and the expert witness can provide education to juries.</p>2024-03-08T19:12:19Zurn:uuid:bca14fa4-4dbd-447f-b2a3-0b8540815487
Mark J. Hauser,
Robert Kohn
Decoding the effects of varied peer victimization forms on depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents: An exploration through latent transition analysisAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>This study aims to examine co-occurrence patterns of depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents and their associations with various forms of peer victimization. We collected longitudinal data from 1005 middle school students using the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Then we conducted latent profile analysis, latent transition analysis, and logistic regression analysis. The results reveal the presence of three depression-anxiety profiles among participants: low depression-anxiety group, moderate depression-anxiety group, and high depression-anxiety group. As verbal and relational victimization increase, adolescents are more likely to transition to a higher level of depression-anxiety profile. However, an increase in physical and property victimization predicts a transition to a lower level of depression-anxiety profile. The diverse effects resulting from different forms of victimization exhibit gender differences. For boys, an increase in relational victimization made participants in the moderate depression-anxiety group more likely to transition to the high depression-anxiety group, whereas this effect was not significant among girls. This study is theoretically significant for understanding the link between depression, anxiety, and their influencing factors. It suggests that educators, while addressing verbal and relational harm in adolescents, should reconsider the potential impact of physical and property harm. Opportunities to transform negative events into positive ones should be explored. Educators should tailor their focus based on gender, with a particular emphasis on addressing relational harm among male students. This underscores the need for differentiated approaches to effectively support students.</p>2024-03-07T18:43:51Zurn:uuid:15844fa1-1fb4-5902-aa5b-045ad043af18
Xinning Wang,
Weiguo Zhao,
Jiazheng Li,
Linli Mo,
Wenning Jiang,
Manman Peng
Sleep disorders and criminal behaviorBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Behaviors that would otherwise be considered criminal acts, but occur in the context of a sleep disorder, pose challenges to the traditional application of legal principles of criminal responsibility. Determining the degree to which consciousness is present during such behaviors becomes a necessary step in assigning criminal culpability. Historically, legal defense theories of unconsciousness, automatism, and insanity have been raised to negate culpability for parasomnia related behaviors. Accordingly, proper assessment of sleep disorders in the context of criminal charges becomes critical in assisting the functions of the justice system. This article reviews principles related to the legal tradition, expert assessment, and elements of expert testimony related to criminal behaviors and sleep disorders.</p>2024-03-07T10:54:34Zurn:uuid:1719fe60-7da5-8c46-b69c-e2faceeae0ef
Clarence Watson,
Kenneth J. Weiss
Forensic assessment of somatoform and functional neurological disordersBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Functional neurological disorders (FND) and somatization are common in clinical practice and medicolegal settings. These conditions are frequently disabling and, if arising following an accident, may lead to claims for legal compensation or occupational disability (such as social security disability insurance). However, distinguishing FND and somatization from symptoms that are intentionally produced (i.e., malingered or factitious) may pose a major forensic psychiatric challenge. In this article, we describe how somatoform disorders and FND lie along a spectrum of abnormal illness-related behaviors, including factitious disorder, compensation neurosis, and malingering. We provide a systematic approach to the forensic assessment of FND and conclude by describing common litigation scenarios in which FND may be at issue. Forensic testimony may play an important role in the resolution of such cases.</p>2024-03-07T10:53:20Zurn:uuid:36f3e7f7-da7a-80f8-8cf1-b17e0d1765f1
Vivek Datta,
Austin W. Blum
The relationships of sexually harassing behaviors to organizational context factors and working men's dark personality traitsAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>This research examined the roles of organization contexts factors and dark personality traits in men's (<i>N</i> = 600) self-reports of sexually harassing behaviors toward women in the workplace. Four organization context factors (a permissive climate, a masculinized job/gender context, male/female contact, and Masculinity Contest Culture [MCC] Norms) and four dark personality traits (psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and sadism) were examined. While only one organizational context factor, MCC Norms correlated with men's admissions of sexually harassing behaviors at work, all four dark personality traits evidenced significant correlations. In a multiple regression analysis, MCC Norms emerged again as the single organizational context predictor and psychopathy as the single personality predictor of men's admissions of sexually harassing behaviors at work. Moderation analyses showed that a masculinized job/gender context interacted with psychopathy to produce more admissions of sexually harassing behaviors. Mediation analyses showed that psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism had indirect relationships with admissions of sexually harassing behaviors through MCC Norms. Higher levels on these traits were related to higher levels of these workplace norms which, in turn, predicted more admissions of sexually harassing behavior. This research sheds new light on how both organizational contexts and enduring personal characteristics of men are related to sexual harassment in the workplace.</p>2024-03-07T10:51:43Zurn:uuid:b47e8d38-6fd6-88f0-3fa4-9091f25e634c
John B. Pryor,
Sarah E. Stutterheim,
Lotte H. J. M. Lemmens
Eyes of the beholders: Multi‐method relationships between internalizing and externalizing symptom dimensions and aggression riskAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Although aggression occurs across a range of disorders, associations between dimensions of psychopathology and self- and other-directed aggression are not well understood. Investigating associations between psychopathology dimensions and aggression helps further understanding about the etiology of aggression, and ultimately, can inform intervention and prevention strategies. This study adopted a multi-method approach to examine associations between internalizing and externalizing dimensions of psychopathology and self- and other-directed aggression as a function of reporter (participant and informant) and modality of aggression measurement (subjective and objective). Participants were an unselected sample of 151 racially diverse adults recruited from the community. Dimensions of psychopathology were assessed using interview and questionnaire reports from participants and collateral informants, and forms of aggression were measured via subjective reports and an objective, laboratory aggression paradigm. Analyses of participant-reported psychological symptom data consistently linked externalizing symptoms to other-directed aggression, and internalizing symptoms to self-directed aggression. Results across informant and participant reporters replicated prior findings showing a significant interaction between internalizing and externalizing dimensions in predicting intimate partner violence. Most other effects in informant models were nonsignificant. The findings uncover consistency in and replicability of relationships between dimensions of psychopathology and certain manifestations of aggression and highlight the importance of examining multiple forms of aggression in etiological research. Examining aggression through a transdiagnostic lens can help us better understand and intervene upon processes implicated in devasting forms of self- and other-directed aggression.</p>2024-02-29T19:48:28Zurn:uuid:d56fd352-94a6-4168-fbe5-bbfc56543806
Melanie L. Bozzay,
Konrad Bresin,
Meaghan E. Brown,
Yara Mekawi,
Edelyn Verona
The reciprocal relationship between child maltreatment and children's bullying victimization in ChinaAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Children who experience physical and psychological maltreatment within their family are more likely to become victims of abuse outside the family. In Chinese culture, children's victimization may also be a precursor to parenting behaviors. Nevertheless, the reciprocal relationship between child maltreatment and children's bullying victimization remains unclear, particularly in Chinese culture. This study aimed to evaluate the reciprocal association between child maltreatment and children's bullying victimization in China, as well as its gender differences. A total of 891 children aged 8–11 years in China participated in the study at four time points. The potential reciprocal link was examined using a cross-lagged model. The results indicated that physical abuse predicted children's bullying victimization across four time points, while physical neglect predicted children's bullying victimization during the first three time points. The effects of emotional abuse and neglect were negligible. Conversely, children's bullying victimization consistently predicted various types of parental maltreatment over time. Some gender differences in the relationship were found. The findings emphasized a reciprocal relationship between child maltreatment within the family and children's bullying victimization at school. Understanding the cyclical patterns between child maltreatment and bullying victimization may help improve family education approaches and reduce children's bullying victimization.</p>2024-02-27T09:49:21Zurn:uuid:a3f366c4-109f-533d-c5c5-7d4d2cd07cad
Ruibo Xie,
Wei Wu,
Min Jiang,
Zhaoxing Sun,
Weijian Li,
Wan Ding
Widening the net: Use of social media data in personal injury and disability evaluationsBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>A central tenet of forensic mental health assessment is the use of multiple sources of data. Traditionally, these sources have included clinical interviews with and observations of the examinee, written records review, psychological test data, and interviews with collateral sources. Data from social media and social networking sites (SNS) is now widely used in civil litigation. However, existing professional practice standards and guidelines do not specifically address the use of SNS data. This leaves forensic mental health evaluators with little guidance as to why, when and how to incorporate SNS data into their evaluations. We review the extant literature on the use of SNS and other social media data in personal injury and disability cases, including legal, ethical, and practical considerations, with the goal of providing forensic mental health practitioners with a framework for making decisions about when and how to incorporate these data into their evaluations and opinions. We advocate caution in conducting independent searches of social media and the Internet, and in making inferences about internal states based on SNS postings. To illustrate these points, we include a case study.</p>2024-02-26T15:50:21Zurn:uuid:2e58fe8f-3f3f-b946-7376-325e0693bc95
Lisa M. Drago,
Anthony J. Giuliano
The experiences of men in prison who do not receive visits from family or friends: A qualitative systematic reviewCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Visits present an opportunity for prisoners to preserve family ties and reduce isolation, but not all receive visits from family or friends whilst incarcerated.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>To locate, appraise and synthesise qualitative data on the experiences of adult male prisoners (aged 18 years+) who do not receive prison visits from family or friends.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>Nine electronic databases were searched from the date of their inception until March 2023. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies, and data from the studies were synthesised using the thematic synthesis method.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>Eighteen studies from seven countries (the USA, the UK [England, Northern Ireland & Scotland], Canada, Netherlands and the Philippines) were eligible for inclusion. Three main themes emerged: (1) reasons for not receiving visits, (2) harmful effects of not receiving visits and (3) the value of volunteer visitor programmes. Practical problems were cited as interfering with visiting opportunities, but also some prisoners or families chose not to meet in prison. Loneliness and depression were extensively described as effects of not receiving visits. Qualities associated with volunteer visitors included raised self-esteem, improved mood and personal growth.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Narratives of the experiences of adult men in prison without visits from family or friends suggest that not only the practical difficulties of imprisonment affect visiting; barriers that prisoners themselves impose would merit further exploration, as would family and relationship dynamics during incarceration and the emotional impact of prison visits, for both prisoners and their families. There are suggestions of therapeutic as well as humanitarian benefits from volunteer visiting programmes. There is a gap in the literature about any specific effect on rebuilding family relationships.</p>2024-02-22T08:00:00Zurn:uuid:aa5fdb65-28f3-949a-6842-756264ccedb5
Dean Burns,
Conor Murray,
Jennifer Ferguson,
Linda Moore
From posts to protection: Ethical considerations regarding forensic psychiatrists and a duty to warn based on social mediaBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Increasing use of social media in forensic mental health evaluations will lead to new challenges that must be resolved by forensic practitioners and the legal system. One such dilemma is the discovery of information that would typically trigger a legal duty and professional ethics obligation for mental health professionals to breach doctor-patient confidentiality to promote public safety and prevent harm to vulnerable third parties. Although the law and professional organizations offer clear guidance for practitioners in the treatment role, there is currently no clarity from the law or instruction from professional organizations on what mental health professionals should do if they discover such information during a confidential forensic evaluation. For example, a forensic evaluator may find evidence on social media of an evaluee’s threats to seriously harm others, abuse of children and the elderly, or severely impaired driving. There are no clear guidelines for how a forensic psychiatrist should respond in these complicated situations. We review the legal concepts and historical evolution of confidentiality, privilege, and mandated reporter duties that forensic practitioners should consider in these legally ambiguous situations. Finally, we discuss ethics frameworks practitioners can implement to determine their most ethical course of action when faced with such dilemmas.</p>2024-02-22T08:00:00Zurn:uuid:d279fce4-b249-41e8-3e05-c47783d1ac34
Michael R. MacIntyre,
Alexander C. Sones,
Jesse Li,
William C. Darby,
Robert Weinstock
From Reddit to manifestos: Forensic evaluation of incel online activityBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Forensic evaluators are increasingly called upon to review online collateral information, including social media posts, web forum posts, chat histories, and other sources such as manifestos. This information is especially vital when assessing members of a virtual community such as that of the involuntary celibate, or incel community. While this new wealth of information can add valuable context to the forensic assessment, it presents unique challenges for the evaluator including challenges with authenticity and interpretation. This article will present an approach to evaluations of such collateral, including a review of the relevant empirical research in this area and touch upon important areas to consider in the forensic evaluation of incel online activity.</p>2024-02-17T08:00:00Zurn:uuid:57e3e600-7f25-f510-d7f0-2e30253a0785
Juliette K. Dupré,
Camille A. Tastenhoye,
Nina E. Ross,
Tetyana V. Bodnar,
Susan Hatters Friedman
Examining the role of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in intimate partner violence among couples with alcohol use disorderAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Separate literatures indicate that both alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are robust risk factors for using intimate partner violence (IPV). Despite the strength of these relative literatures, and the common co-occurrence of AUD and PTSD, their combined effects on IPV have rarely been examined. This study begins to address this gap by exploring the moderating effects of provisional PTSD diagnosis on the relation between heavy alcohol consumption and physical IPV using a multilevel modeling approach. Participants were adult romantic couples (<i>N</i> = 100) with current AUD and a history of physical IPV in their relationship. Results from the between-couple comparison indicate that couples who reported more heavy drinking days also experienced more physical IPV when at least one partner had probable PTSD. However, the within-couple comparison indicated that among partners without a provisional PTSD diagnosis, those with fewer heavy drinking days compared to their partner also reported more physical IPV perpetration. These preliminary and exploratory findings require replication and extension but provide new and important information regarding the complex intersection of heavy drinking, PTSD, and IPV among couples with AUD.</p>2024-02-15T13:45:13Zurn:uuid:bec8392e-3e69-cd1a-6fc4-62105eb4efed
Julianne C. Flanagan,
Jasara N. Hogan,
Andrea A. Massa,
Amber M. Jarnecke
Temporal relation between pubertal development and peer victimization in a prospective sample of US adolescentsAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Peer victimization typically peaks in early adolescence, leading researchers to hypothesize that pubertal timing is a meaningful predictor of peer victimization. However, previous methodological approaches have limited our ability to parse out which puberty cues are associated with peer victimization because gonadal and adrenal puberty, two independent processes, have either been conflated or adrenal puberty timing has been ignored. In addition, previous research has overlooked the possibility of reverse causality—that peer victimization might drive pubertal timing, as it has been shown to do in non-human primates. To fill these gaps, we followed 265 adolescents (47% female) prospectively across three-time points (<i>M</i>
<sub>age</sub>: T1 = 9.6, T2 = 12.0, T3 = 14.4) and measured self-report peer victimization and self- and maternal-report of gonadal and adrenal pubertal development on the Pubertal Development Scale. Multilevel modeling revealed that females who were further along in adrenal puberty at age 9 were more likely to report peer victimization at age 12 (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.25, <i>p</i> = .005). The relation between gonadal puberty status and peer victimization was not significant for either sex. In terms of the reverse direction, the relation between early peer victimization and later pubertal development was not significant in either sex. Overall, our findings suggest that adrenal puberty status, but not gonadal puberty status, predicted peer victimization in females, highlighting the need to separate gonadal and adrenal pubertal processes in future studies.</p>2024-02-13T09:10:38Zurn:uuid:0f8e94c1-485c-8654-a975-e91bef615008
Jessica A. Marino,
Elysia Poggi Davis,
Laura M. Glynn,
Curt A. Sandman,
Jennifer Hahn‐Holbrook
The Internet is a scary place: How does evidence source and examinee race or ethnicity influence determinations of threat?Behavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Violent rhetoric online is becoming increasingly relevant to the practice of forensic mental health assessment as examinee's virtual lives may transform into real-world acts of violence. With the rise of a diverse subculture of violent online communities, the aim of the present study was to inform how concerns with online sources of collateral data and racial/ethnic biases may influence determinations of violence potential. Using an experimental design, jury-eligible participants (<i>N</i> = 278) and forensic mental health experts (<i>N</i> = 78) were presented with mock Twitter (now referred to as X) posts that varied by data source (i.e., how information was accessed) and the examinee's race/ethnicity. Results showed no differences in participants' ratings of data credibility, how much weight they would place on the posts in a threat assessment, or how likely the examinee was to act violently against his intended target. Implications regarding the interpretation of social media evidence, relevant limitations, and future research are discussed.</p>2024-02-11T14:13:53Zurn:uuid:053da943-a3eb-cab3-bc44-a8ea9f1bb9c2
Madison R. Lord,
Ashley B. Batastini,
Colin J. Smith,
Michael J. Vitacco,
Tom Eddy
Autism spectrum disorder, extremism and risk assessmentCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>To date, there is no evidence supporting the existence of an association between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and extremism in the general population. However, there is increasing recognition that several features of ASD may provide the context of vulnerability to engage in extremist behaviour.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>This paper sets out the case for a dedicated clinical approach to better integrate clinical risk appraisal processes with an assessment of ASD individuals' vulnerabilities within the Criminal Justice System.</p>
<h2>Methods and Results</h2>
<p>In this paper the Framework for the Assessment of Risk & Protection in Offenders on the Autistic Spectrum (FARAS): A Guide for Risk Assessors Working with Offenders on the Autistic Spectrum is explored. In developing the FARAS, Al-Attar proposed seven facets of ASD that ‘may have different functional links with push and pull factors to terrorism’ (p. 928), which include circumscribed interests; rich vivid fantasy and impaired social imagination; need for order, rules, rituals, routine and predictability; obsessionality, repetition and collecting; social interaction and communication difficulties; cognitive styles and Sensory processing.</p>
<h2>Discussion and Conclusion</h2>
<p>We describe the FARAS within the context of the most widely used clinical risk appraisal ‘aide memoire’ instruments integral to the Structured Professional Judgement of risk process, namely the HCR20v3.</p>2024-02-11T13:57:49Zurn:uuid:d77b630b-3d91-cfa4-6a4d-8e1f495ec0b9
Clare S. Allely,
Emma Jouenne,
Alexander Westphal,
Ekkehart Staufenberg,
David Murphy
The ecology of online hate speech: Mapping expert perspectives on the drivers for online hate perpetration with the Delphi methodAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Online hate speech (OHS) is a prevalent issue on social media with harmful consequences for individuals and society. Counteracting this issue requires a better understanding of the factors that drive behaviors such as posting hate speech or making hateful comments. The present study contributes to this need by investigating the personal, social, and digital determinants for OHS perpetration. By conducting a two-round Delphi study, data was collected from an interdisciplinary sample of experts. Practitioners were included in this sample to bridge gaps between research and fieldwork on OHS. The first survey collected information through open-ended questions, which was then organized in different themes and lists of determinants in a thematic analysis. These determinants were rated for relevance in a follow-up survey. Data analysis of the second survey used nonparametric statistics. From a total list of 129 determinants, the participants reached a consensus on 27 determinants as most relevant (median > 4) for facilitating the production and dissemination of OHS. An ecological perspective was applied to interpret these findings. As a result, we propose an ecological model of personal, social, and digital determinants for online hate perpetration to illustrate their influence on individual behavior as well as their possible connections. The model provides a comprehensive overview of factors facilitating OHS perpetration, which can help to identify points for intervention.</p>2024-02-07T17:15:11Zurn:uuid:f39d997d-c4c4-e741-e0e6-d01436b7c3b0
Ina Weber,
Heidi Vandebosch,
Karolien Poels,
Sara Pabian
Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity mediates the relationships between ‘Dark Triad’ traits and cyberbullying perpetrationCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 54-65, February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Cyberbullying perpetration and victimisation have been associated with psychological distress, including depression and suicidal ideation. Prior studies have shown that the ‘Dark Triad’ personality traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) are associated with greater likelihood of perpetration, yet there is a research gap regarding potential mediators of this relationship.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>To test whether functional and dysfunctional impulsivity act as mediators between Dark Triad traits and cyberbullying perpetration.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>A cross-sectional online study was conducted, in which a sample of 141 university students (63% male) from Malaysia were recruited by online and local poster advertising inviting them to complete a questionnaire containing a series of psychometric scales, including measures of ‘Dark Triad’ personality traits, impulsivity and cyberbullying perpetration.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>A relationship between cyberbullying perpetration and higher psychopathy scale scores was mediated by dysfunctional, but not functional, impulsivity. The relationship between cyberbullying and narcissism scores was not mediated by impulsivity. Higher Machiavellianism scores were similarly associated with cyberbullying, but there was no correlation at all between Machiavellianism and impulsivity scores.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Our findings add to the literature by showing that not only Dark Triad scale scores are associated with cyberbullying, but that difficulty in refraining from or controlling impulsive behaviours (dysfunctional impulsivity) may be a key component in this relationship. Given that our sample was of generally well-functioning people, our findings may not extend to those with serious cyberbullying problems. Yet, they provide avenues for identifying people at risk of such behaviours before problems become well-established and call for more nuanced approaches towards understanding and intervening with problematic cyberbullying.</p>2024-02-06T15:53:58Zurn:uuid:01ff3940-7fd2-636d-92ea-14d458804a23
Miriam Sang‐Ah Park,
Joël Billieux,
Sanjana Raj,
Mei Chee Lee,
Dianne Shaneeta Geoffrey,
Filip Nuyens
Self‐stigma of incarceration and its impact on health and community integrationCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 79-93, February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Individuals returning to the wider community from incarceration face many re-entry barriers, including stigmatising beliefs regarding past criminal record, that have impact on health and re-entry. Understanding the development and impact of self-stigma on health can inform re-entry and rehabilitation services.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>The two aims of this study were first, to evaluate a previously established model of self-stigma applied to individuals who have experienced incarceration and, secondly, to study the impact of self-stigma on physical and mental health as well as community integration on re-entry.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>This is a cross-sectional study of 129 formerly incarcerated adults recruited using an online platform and asked to complete online rating scales about self-stigmatisation, health and sense of community integration. Repeated-measures analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and path analyses were used to evaluate the model.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>There was support for the four distinct stages of self-stigmatisation apparent in mental health research. There was a relationship between self-stigma harm and sense of community integration, mediated by mental but not physical health status scores.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Our findings add to work on self-stigmatisation in the field of mental health by showing that the concept appears relevant and appears in similar staging among formerly incarcerated individuals and that self-stigmatisation is likely to be important for their community reintegration. Our sample was not typical of the wider prison population for race and gender distribution, in particular having fewer than expected those minority groups likely to be especially vulnerable to stigmatisation by others. Our findings nevertheless suggest that further, preferably, longitudinal research on self-stigma to enable better understanding of pathways could substantially help treatment and rehabilitation of individuals after release from a correctional facility.</p>2024-02-06T15:53:58Zurn:uuid:9866d25a-6acb-5c1b-9074-b47b2e808620
Chelsea E. Brehmer,
Sang Qin,
Brigette C. Young,
David R. Strauser
A systematic review of literature on homicide followed by suicide and mental state of perpetratorsCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 10-53, February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Homicide followed by suicide is rare, devastating and perpetrated worldwide. It is commonly assumed that the perpetrator had a mental disorder, raising concomitant questions about prevention. Though events have been reported, there has been no previous systematic review of the mental health of perpetrators.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>Our aims were twofold. First, to identify whether there are recognisable subgroups of homicide–suicides in published literature and, secondly, to investigate the relationship between perpetrator mental state and aspects of the incident.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>We conducted a systematic review of published literature on studies of homicide followed within 24 h by suicide or serious suicide attempt that included measures of perpetrator mental state.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>Sixty studies were identified, most from North America or Europe. Methodologically, studies were too heterogeneous for meta-analysis. They fell into three main groups: family, mass shooter, and terrorist with an additional small mixed group. There was evidence of mental illness in a minority of perpetrators; its absence in the remainder was only partially evidenced. There was no clear association between any specific mental illness and homicide–suicide type, although depression was most cited. Social role disjunction, motive, substance misuse and relevant risk or threat behaviours were themes identified across all groups. Pre-established ideology was relevant in the mass shooter and terrorism groups. Prior trauma history was notable in the terrorist group.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Research data were necessarily collected post-incident and in most cases without a standardised approach, so findings must be interpreted cautiously. Nevertheless, they suggest at least some preventive role for mental health professionals. Those presenting to services with depression, suicidal ideation, relationship difficulties and actual, or perceived, changes in social position or role would merit detailed, supportive assessment over time.</p>2024-02-06T15:53:58Zurn:uuid:331fa846-b8da-2e04-2471-3f0ee4f199c5
Alexis Theodorou,
Helen Sinclair,
Saima Ali,
Seema Sukhwal,
Christopher Bassett,
Heidi Hales
A systematic scoping review exploring how people with lived experience have been involved in prison and forensic mental health researchCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 94-114, February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Introduction of guidance by the National Institute for Health Research has led to an increase in participation by people with ‘lived experience’ of mental health problems. However, some researchers have questioned the extent to which involvement has been meaningful, expressing concerns that involvement is impeded by the structure and culture of academia. A prior review of literature to 2016 provided little evidence of active engagement.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>To find out from published literature how patient and public involvement in designing and or conducting research has been used in forensic mental health settings, prisons or probation since the last review period.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>A systematic scoping review of research published in academic journals between 2016 and February 2023 was completed using terms for research activity, involvement of people with experience of receiving services and health or justice systems to search three databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO. We used the Guidance for Reporting Patient and Public Involvement in Research Tool to support data extraction and to summarise our own service user involvement in this study.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>From 675 unique titles retrieved, 17 were eligible for inclusion, covering 16 unique studies. Most of the included research was by/with people who had prison experience. Only two studies had been conducted by/with people who had experience of secure hospital wards/forensic mental health services. Details of how people with lived experience had contributed to the research were scarce, but in 8 studies they had been involved throughout and included in the authorship group.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Whilst this review identifies pockets of good practice, meaningful engagement in forensic mental health research seems to remain rare, at least as reported in papers published in academic journals. Further research is required into whether this reflects real limits on inclusion, as we suspect, or such full integration that such reporting is not regarded as necessary or desirable, which we doubt. We urge journal editors to routinely ask authors to include information about how people with lived experience have been involved in any published research and the nature and extent of the influence they had. This may help to develop the evidence base and guard against tokenistic involvement.</p>2024-02-06T15:53:58Zurn:uuid:c6725179-d29c-f1dc-7d7e-31fd63ed0088
Rosie Rutherford,
Nicola Bowes,
Rosie Cornwell,
Daniel Heggs,
Susannah Pashley
Well‐being in institutionalised adolescentsCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 66-78, February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>For adolescents who have criminal convictions, achieving a positive progress including desistance from offending may depend on a sense of well-being. Factors associated with growth in well-being are not widely researched, but there is some work that suggests that qualities in other internal states as well as in the environment may foster well-being.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>To examine the well-being of young male incarcerated offenders, and its relationship with frequency of contacts with the family, perceptions of socio-educational environment, feelings about the future and self-efficacy.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>Participants were recruited from three secure education institutions in the Federal District of Brasília, Brazil, under the management of the Secretariat of Justice. They were invited to complete anonymous self-report questionnaires, which included the Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Perception of the Socio-Educational Environment Scale, the Feelings about the Future Scale and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Self-Efficacy, and to provide limited sociodemographic data.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>195 young male offenders participated and their mean age was 16.8 years (<i>SD</i> = 1.58, range 14–20). There was a positive correlation between well-being and perceptions of the socio-educational environment, positive feelings about the future and self-efficacy self-ratings. Multiple linear regression analyses confirmed that the frequency of family contacts, positive perceptions of the socio-educational environment, positive feelings about the future, and self-efficacy in leisure and social activities independently contributed to the well-being of young offenders.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Although well-being has been associated with desistance from committing crimes, the factors that may predispose to well-being have been researched less and never before examined among inmates in Brazil. While longitudinal work is needed to be certain of the direction of the relationship, the fact that the results are broadly consistent with a similar study carried out on the other side of the world is encouraging in terms of indicating ways forward in rehabilitation. It is necessary to develop interventions that support family relationships and promote personal relationships and personal development, not only of useful skills but also of personal confidence in those skills.</p>2024-02-06T15:53:58Zurn:uuid:a8d207f6-64ad-c37c-d8ab-5eaef63ec893
Manuella C. da Silva,
Maria O. Teixeira,
Márcia Laranjeira
Understanding homicide–suicide, next steps in researchCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 7-9, February 2024. 2024-02-06T15:53:58Zurn:uuid:4468846f-70a5-37d9-962a-72ac70fad897
Sandra Flynn
Studying mental disorders among perpetrators of mass murder–suicide: Methodological challenges and promising avenues for new researchCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 1-6, February 2024. 2024-02-06T15:53:58Zurn:uuid:6c21b7ed-4cb4-afc7-e10c-99dc6c060dd3
Adam Lankford
Relations between perceptions of parental messages supporting fighting and nonviolence and adolescents' physical aggression: Beliefs as mediatorsAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>The purpose of this study was to examine adolescents' beliefs about fighting as mediators of longitudinal relations between perceptions of parental support for fighting and nonviolence and changes in adolescents' physical aggression. Participants were 2575 middle school students (<i>M</i>
<sub>age</sub> = 12.20, SD = 1.02; 52% female; 83% African American) from the southeastern US attending schools in communities with high rates of violence. Participants completed four waves of assessments every 3 months (i.e., fall, winter, spring, and summer). Each belief subscale mediated relations between perceptions of parental support for fighting and nonviolence and changes in aggression. Parental support for nonviolence was negatively associated with beliefs supporting reactive aggression and positively associated with beliefs against fighting. Parental support for retaliation was positively associated with beliefs supporting reactive and proactive aggression, and negatively associated with beliefs against fighting. Parental support for fighting as sometimes necessary was positively associated with beliefs supporting reactive aggression and beliefs that fighting is sometimes necessary. Beliefs supporting reactive and proactive aggression and beliefs that fighting is sometimes necessary were positively associated with aggression, whereas beliefs against fighting were negatively associated with aggression. Parents' support for fighting and for nonviolence may directly and indirectly reduce adolescents' physical aggression by influencing beliefs about the appropriateness of using aggression for self-defense and to attain a goal. This highlights the importance of jointly investigating multiple types of parental messages and types of beliefs about fighting.</p>2024-02-02T11:24:39Zurn:uuid:4a4893a4-188d-dc55-a3b1-bd7f310014d8
Jasmine N. Coleman,
Phillip N. Smith,
Krista R. Mehari,
Albert D. Farrell
The role of oxytocin receptor gene variants in appetitive aggression: A study in a South African male sampleAggressive Behavior, Volume 50, Issue 2, March 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Chronic exposure to trauma and violence can promote aggressive behavior. Oxytocin and variants in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene may play a role in the etiology of proactive, that is, goal-oriented instrumental aggression, or reactive aggression, which typically occurs in response to emotionally triggering situations. The current study builds on previous findings that experienced and witnessed trauma in childhood predicts higher levels of appetitive aggression, a form of proactive aggression characterized by the enjoyment of participating in violent behavior. The current study explores the role of <i>OXTR</i> rs2254298 and rs53576 variants in appetitive and reactive aggression. Adult males living in Cape Town, South Africa, and at risk for violent behavior completed the Appetitive Aggression Scale (AAS) and Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). <i>OXTR</i> rs2254298 and rs53576 were successfully genotyped via restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis in 238 and 239 participants, respectively. Regression analysis showed that rs2254298 G/G and A/G genotypes and the rs53576 A/G genotype were significantly associated with lower AAS scores (<i>p</i> < .001) compared to the A/A genotype. Additionally, genotype interaction analyses conducted in 232 participants, found that the combination of rs2254298 A/G and rs53576 G/G genotypes produced opposite effects on appetitive and reactive aggression. Specifically, this combination was associated with a 0.29-point increase in AAS scores (<i>p</i> = .032) and a 0.13-point decrease in BPAQ scores (<i>p</i> = .037) when compared to A-allele homozygosity for both variants. These results suggest that genetic variation in a signaling system involved in influencing environmental and social salience may contribute to appetitive aggression.</p>2024-02-02T11:14:38Zurn:uuid:3872747b-a897-cff4-4853-a240aeda7df5
Catherine Lohrentz,
Jacqueline S. Womersley,
Patricia C. Swart,
Jessica Sommer,
Martina Hinsberger,
Thomas Elbert,
Roland Weierstall,
Debbie Kaminer,
Soraya Seedat,
Sian M. J. Hemmings
Issue InformationBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 1-4, January/February 2024.
<p>No abstract is available for this article.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:20801b19-6924-fce2-b31d-761266c51ce0Mental health criminal defenses in persons with neuropsychiatric disordersBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 1-10, January/February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Persons with neuropsychiatric disorders present specific and unique challenges for forensic experts and defense attorneys in the criminal justice system. This article reviews two potential criminal defenses: legal insanity and the various legal standards or tests of criminal responsibility that are used in jurisdictions throughout the United States (i.e., the M’Naghten standard and the American Law Institute's Model Penal Code), and the partial legal defense of diminished capacity (lacking the mental state necessary to be found guilty of a specific intent crime). The process of evaluating criminal responsibility or diminished capacity is also presented with a specific emphasis on common issues that arise in evaluating defendants with Intellectual Developmental Disorder (Intellectual Disability), Parasomnias, Seizure Disorders, and Neurocognitive Disorders.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:90dba204-eb77-4516-5ad6-2fecdbc96eff
Richard L. Frierson,
Kaustubh G. Joshi
An overview of malingering and deception in neuropsychiatric casesBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 28-38, January/February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Forensic practitioners must shoulder special responsibilities when evaluating over-stated pathology (e.g., malingering) as well as simulated adjustment. Such determinations may modify or even override other clinical findings. As a result, practitioners must be alert to their own misassumptions that may unintentionally bias their conclusions about response styles. Detection strategies for malingering—based on unlikely or markedly amplified presentations—are highlighted in this article. Given page constraints, assessment methods for feigning are succinctly presented with their applications to administrative, civil, and criminal referrals.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:5d11e6db-3b3f-690e-9e6b-11d3db1e9de3
Richard Rogers,
Scott D. Bender,
Sara E. Hartigan
Neuroethics and neurolaw in forensic neuropsychiatry: A guide for cliniciansBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 11-19, January/February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>As neuroscience technologies develop, ethical and legal questions arise regarding their use and societal impact. Neuroethics and neurolaw are growing interdisciplinary fields that address these questions. This review article presents the research agenda of both areas, examines the use and admissibility of neuroscience in expert testimony and legal settings, and discusses ethical issues related to forensic neuropsychiatrists claiming expertise in neuroscience, formulating medical opinions based on neuroscience, and considering its relevance to criminal responsibility. Forensic neuropsychiatrists should be aware of emerging neuroscientific evidence, its utility and limits in rendering diagnoses and explaining behavior, and, before seeking such evidence for legal purposes, its availability and admissibility. When testifying in matters involving neuroscientific evidence, ensuring truthfulness and balance, having sufficient and validated knowledge (including openness with confirming and disconfirming evidence), understanding standards of practice, and drawing relevant and appropriate conclusions remain important.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:fc75a641-1d21-3840-4745-08d987f57aad
Neil Krishan Aggarwal,
Abhishek Jain
The history of forensic neuropsychiatryBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 20-27, January/February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Significant advances in various disciplines of neurosciences, such as neurology, neuropsychiatry, neuroimaging, and neurogenetics, have caused an exciting field to emerge in the field of forensic neuropsychiatry called neurolaw. The resurgence of interest in this field has paralleled the renaissance of neuropsychiatry in the last few decades. This historical review of the practice of forensic neuropsychiatry provides an insight into the past with the hope that it will guide the future development of this field.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:caeecb6f-038d-0103-e0f5-36c119ed8c50
Manish A. Fozdar
Forensic neuropsychiatric aspects of epilepsyBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 39-45, January/February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Epilepsy may be associated with automatisms that are classed as ‘insane ‘as they are deemed to have originated within the mind. ‘Sane automatism’ is said to occur from external factors, such as physical trauma, while ‘insane automatism’ is said to be innate to the individual experiencing them. To claim automatism within the context of a criminal matter requires a detailed evaluation of the behavior demonstrated and a questioning of the volitional and purposeful nature of this behavior. It is insufficient to rely upon past behavior in association with these seizures to justify the defense of automatism within a specific event. Epilepsy is often considered to be associated with an increase in violence. Proper epidemiological research, both in long-term, large population control studies and hospital-based studies, has suggested that epilepsy, per se, is not associated with an increase in violence when compared to the population at large and controlled for other familial and environmental factors.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:e46e4b49-0ca8-159d-8b0e-6369b823aa30
Roy G. Beran,
Manish A. Fozdar
Forensic neuropsychiatric evaluation of a personal injury caseBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 46-55, January/February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Civil litigation involving the forensic neuropsychiatric evaluation of a personal injury case requires an assessment of damages and causation. The expert witness is obliged to integrate data from three critical sources of information: the review of records; the results of neuropsychological testing; and the findings from the clinical examination. In civil litigation involving a personal injury claim, the expert witness can be expected to address causation and prognosis of any neuropsychiatric damages. We discuss the undertaking of a forensic neuropsychiatric evaluation, psychiatric disorders often encountered in personal injury litigation, provide case vignettes and describe a number of special types of forensic neuropsychiatric evaluations, for example, Workers' Compensation, VA Disability and Social Security Disability.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:cf7a6cff-6dcb-ecc7-f93e-92d12d1b23f2
J. Richard Ciccone,
Jerid Fisher,
Josh C. W. Jones
Capital sentencing and neuropsychiatryBehavioral Sciences &the Law, Volume 42, Issue 1, Page 56-64, January/February 2024.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>The neuropsychiatric contribution to capital sentencing proceedings has grown substantially in recent decades as the consideration of neurological and psychiatric factors in criminal behavior has been increasingly accepted as relevant to the quest for justice. This review article will focus on the legal theories underlying neuropsychiatric input into capital sentencing decisions, as well as some of the investigative techniques and resulting data which may be offered by forensic neuropsychiatrists in this context. The death penalty is unique in its severity and irreversibility, as the courts, including the U.S. Supreme Court, have noted repeatedly. “Death is different,” and the recognition of this has generated a set of court decisions and statutes pertinent specifically to capital proceedings, both procedural and substantive.</p>2024-02-01T17:57:14Zurn:uuid:6f9bf89e-4bc7-236a-d680-e7d57cc381b2
Samuel Jan Brakel,
Douglas E. Tucker
Self‐relevance enhances susceptibility to false memoryBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Eyewitness testimony serves as important evidence in the legal system. Eyewitnesses of a crime can be either the victims themselves—for whom the experience is highly self-referential—or can be bystanders who witness and thus encode the crime in relation to others. There is a gap in past research investigating whether processing information in relation to oneself versus others would later impact people's suggestibility to misleading information. In two experiments (<i>N</i>s = 68 and 122) with Dutch and Chinese samples, we assessed whether self-reference of a crime event (i.e., victim vs. bystander) affected their susceptibility to false memory creation. Using a misinformation procedure, we photoshopped half of the participants' photographs into a crime slideshow so that they saw themselves as victims of a nonviolent crime, while others watched the slideshow as mock bystander witnesses. In both experiments, participants displayed a self-enhanced suggestibility effect: Participants who viewed themselves as victims created more false memories after receiving misinformation than those who witnessed the same crime as bystanders. These findings suggest that self-reference might constitute a hitherto new risk factor in the formation of false memories when evaluating eyewitness memory reports.</p>2024-01-31T08:41:20Zurn:uuid:9908a77d-13dd-d20e-4c55-6c782d424c0c
Jianqin Wang,
Bihan Wang,
Henry Otgaar,
Lawrence Patihis,
Melanie Sauerland
Models of care in secure services for people with intellectual and developmental disability: Implementing the Walkway to WellnessCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Changes to policy around inpatient services for people with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) who offend, have led to a need for services to reconsider their models of care. This has led to calls for more tailored, patient-centred care models, with less reliance solely on offence-related treatment programmes which can be unsuitable for a growing proportion of patients with more complex cognitive and behavioural difficulties. In response, the Walkway to Wellness (W2W) was developed at one National Health Service Trust providing secure services to people with IDD, with the intention of delivering a more collaborative, co-produced and goal-oriented care model that was better understood by staff and patient stakeholders.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>To evaluate the implementation of the W2W using Normalisation Process Theory (NPT), an evidence-based theoretical approach is used across a number of health settings.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>Staff were invited to complete a short questionnaire, using the NPT informed Normalisation Measure Development questionnaire, at two time points along the implementation process. Patients were invited to complete a simplified questionnaire. Both groups were asked for their views on the W2W and the process of its implementation.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>Although the W2W was more familiar to staff at the second time point, scores on the four NPT constructs showed a trend for it being less embedded in practice, with significant results concerning the ongoing appraisal of the new model. Patient views were mixed; some saw the benefit of more goal-oriented processes, but others considered it an additional chore hindering their own perceived goals.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>Early involvement of all stakeholders is required to enhance the understanding of changes to models of care. Live feedback should be used to refine and revise the model to meet the needs of patients, carers and staff members.</p>2024-01-27T08:00:00Zurn:uuid:0c8bee79-ed60-2962-ed55-6b96ddf62514
Iain McKinnon,
Arman Iranpour,
Anne Charlton,
Ellen Green,
Faye Groom,
Oliver Watts,
Dannielle McKenna,
Simon Hackett
Intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario's criminal justice and forensic mental health systems: Using data to tell the storyCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>International studies show that adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are disproportionately represented in the criminal justice and forensic mental health systems; however, it is difficult to capture their involvement across systems in any one jurisdiction.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of IDD across different parts of the criminal justice and forensic mental health systems in Ontario and to describe the demographic and clinical profiles of these individuals relative to their counterparts without IDD.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>This project utilised administrative data to identify and describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of adults with IDD and criminal justice or forensic involvement across four sectors: federal correctional facilities, provincial correctional facilities, forensic inpatient mental health care and community mental health programmes. Questions were driven by and results were contextualised by a project advisory group and people with lived experience from the different sectors studied, resulting in a series of recommendations.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>Adults with IDD were over-represented in each of the four settings, ranging from 2.1% in federal corrections to 16.7% in forensic inpatient care. Between 20% (forensic inpatient) and 38.4% (provincial corrections) were under the age of 25 and between 34.5% (forensic inpatient) and 41.8% (provincial corrections) resided in the lowest income neighbourhoods. Medical complexity and rates of co-occurring mental health conditions were higher for people with IDD than those without IDD in federal and provincial corrections.</p>
<h2>Conclusions</h2>
<p>Establishing a population-based understanding of people with IDD within these sectors is an essential first step towards understanding and addressing service and care needs. Building on the perspectives of people who work in and use these systems, this paper concludes with intervention recommendations before, during and after justice involvement.</p>2024-01-24T10:28:49Zurn:uuid:87bf9c70-62b9-f81d-2f3b-7e2a473f33f3
Yona Lunsky,
Flora I. Matheson,
Fiona Kouyoumdjian,
Lisa Whittingham,
Elizabeth Lin,
Anna Durbin,
Andrew Calzavara,
Andrea Moser,
Parisa Dastoori,
Frank Sirotich,
Tiziana Volpe
Neuropsychological profiles of adolescents sentenced to detention in Western Australia with and without prenatal alcohol exposureCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background/Aims</h2>
<p>Youth with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are under-recognised in the justice system, warranting improved identification. This study aimed to compare neuropsychological profiles of adolescents, with and without PAE and identify neuropsychological tasks predictive of PAE-group membership. It was hypothesised that participants with PAE would score significantly lower on neuropsychological tests.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>Participants included 85 young people sentenced to detention (mean 15.7 years, 78 males), 46 with PAE. A one-way-multivariate analysis of variance tested differences in neuropsychological functioning between PAE/No-PAE groups, while logistic regression determined tests predictive of PAE.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>No statistically significant difference in test scores emerged between groups, and regression was not indicative of any models predictive of PAE-group membership. Neuropsychological profiles were characterised by both strengths and weaknesses, with lower verbal and mathematical skills.</p>
<h2>Conclusion(s)</h2>
<p>While no statistically significant differences were found between the groups, the results provided a unique insight into the neurocognitive profile of Australian youth in detention. Routine screening assessments were recommended for young people sentenced to detention.</p>2024-01-24T08:00:00Zurn:uuid:0efa0e79-72a6-bca4-8e9f-68a12ae3db81
Jed Kerry,
Grace Kuen Yee Tan,
Kirsten R. Panton,
Raewyn Mutch,
Jacinta Freeman,
Hayley Passmore,
Carmela F. Pestell
The use of neurobiological evidence in sentencing mitigationBehavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<p>Neurobiological evidence has grown increasingly relevant in U.S. criminal proceedings, particularly during sentencing. Neuroimaging, such as functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography scans, may be introduced by defense counsel to demonstrate brain abnormalities to argue for more lenient sentencing. This practice is common for penalty mitigation in cases eligible for capital punishment. This article reviews the history of the use of neuroscience in criminal cases from the early 20th Century to present, noting pertinent legal and ethical considerations for the use of such evidence. The authors review important empirical research conducted in recent years regarding the use of neurobiological evidence in legal proceedings (such as mock-juror studies) and guidance from the federal sentencing guidelines and the American Bar Association. The discussion also notes relevant case law in which neuroimaging, behavioral genetics, or other neurobiological data were introduced in criminal proceedings, particularly precedent-setting U.S. Supreme Court cases.</p>2024-01-23T16:34:35Zurn:uuid:8ed978c3-5dad-d466-4552-762361b3ad77
Zain Khalid,
Ruby Lee,
Barry W. Wall
When the ward is the patient: Using the PRISM protocol to understand and reduce violence in an inpatient intellectual disability settingCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Violence in inpatient settings is recognised as a worldwide issue, with inpatient intellectual disability services having higher rates than other mental health settings. Violence results in injury and illness, lack of confidence in the organisation and staff burnout. These combined effects have a negative impact on the ability of services to provide therapeutic environments. Attempts to manage violence tend to focus on the individual. This is only one part of the solution. Situational risk factors for violence within secure settings can be identified and modified to reduce violence rates. The role of situational risk factors in rates of institutional violence requires consideration in addition to individual patient risk assessment and management.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>To discuss an illustrative case study of a ward experiencing high levels of violence, resulting in staff burnout and low morale. To describe how assessing and addressing the relevant situational risk factors led to demonstrable reductions in violence and improvements in the service provided.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>This case study demonstrates the practical application of assessing and managing situational risk factors for violence in a locked intellectual disability ward in order to effectively reduce levels of violent incidents. A description of the violence and critical issues faced by the ward is provided, noting key elements of the timeline of events and the application of the Promoting Risk Intervention by Situational Management (PRISM) process to address these.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>The PRISM protocol enabled a comprehensive assessment and understanding of situational factors relevant to the violence rates in the ward. The recommendations following the analysis enabled the management team to identify areas for immediate and long-term action. Practical steps to address issues such as improving soundproofing were implemented quickly whilst other issues required changes over the longer term. Significantly, reduced levels of violence were observed within a 2-month period of immediate steps being taken, with further gains achieved over the longer term.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>This paper provides the only example of the use of the PRISM protocol in an intellectual disability inpatient setting. The reduction in violence seen in this unit provides ‘real world’ evidence that addressing situational factors for institutional violence can be effective in intellectual disability inpatient settings, with beneficial outcomes for patients and staff. Whilst individual patient risk assessment and risk management are key components of forensic mental health care, situational risk factors for violence are highly relevant to rates of violence within secure care settings. Structured assessment of situational risk factors should be considered when inpatient settings experience persistent high levels of violence. Further research on the impact of assessing situational risk factors in forensic mental health settings (including intellectual disability services) would help to develop the existing evidence base.</p>2023-12-13T16:15:09Zurn:uuid:5f71ec06-9a5b-69b5-f123-ee978bacf676
Jana de Villiers,
Lorraine Johnstone
A realist evaluation of an enhanced court‐based liaison and diversion service for defendants with neurodevelopmental disordersCriminal Behaviour and Mental Health, EarlyView.
<h2>Abstract</h2>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>In England, court-based mental health liaison and diversion (L&D) services work across courts and police stations to support those with severe mental illness and other vulnerabilities. However, the evidence around how such services support those with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) is limited.</p>
<h2>Aims</h2>
<p>This study aimed to evaluate, through the lens of court and clinical staff, the introduction of a L&D service for defendants with NDs, designed to complement the existing L&D service.</p>
<h2>Methods</h2>
<p>A realist evaluation was undertaken involving multiple agencies based within an inner-city Magistrates' Court in London, England. We developed a logic model based on the initial programme theory focusing on component parts of the new enhanced service, specifically training, screening, signposting and interventions. We conducted semi-structured interviews with the court staff, judiciary and clinicians from the L&D service.</p>
<h2>Results</h2>
<p>The L&D service for defendants with NDs was successful in identifying and supporting the needs of those defendants. Benefits of this service included knowledge sharing, awareness raising and promoting good practice such as making reasonable adjustments. However, there were challenges for the court practitioners and clinicians in finding and accessing local specialist community services.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>A L&D service developed for defendants with NDs is feasible and beneficial to staff and clinicians who worked in the court setting leading to good practice being in place for the defendants. Going forward, a local care pathway would need to be agreed between commissioners and stakeholders including the judiciary to ensure timely and equitable access to local services by both defendants and practitioners working across diversion services for individuals with NDs.</p>2023-11-06T08:00:00Zurn:uuid:d7385102-a628-e60b-de36-c609503fc075
Eddie Chaplin,
Jane McCarthy,
Karina Marshall‐Tate,
Salma Ali,
Denise Harvey,
Jessica Childs,
Kiriakos Xenitidis,
Samir Srivastava,
Iain McKinnon,
Louise Robinson,
Clare S. Allely,
Sally Hardy,
Andrew Forrester
The News And Times Information Network: Blogs, Sites, News Reviews<p style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/2022/01/the-news-and-times-information-network.html" target="_blank">Post Link</a> | </b><a href="https://newsandtimes.net/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>The News And Times Information Network: Blogs, Sites, News Reviews</strong></a></p><div class="timeline-Tweet-author js-inViewportScribingTarget"><div class="timeline-Tweet-retweetCredit"><div class="timeline-Tweet-retweetCreditIcon"><div aria-label="" role="presentation" style="text-align: center;" title=""><div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/user-favorites/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>Selected Articles</strong></a><strong> | <a href="http://feed.informer.com/share/9LINS4Y7XR" rel="noopener" target="_blank">In Brief</a> | <a href="http://feed.informer.com/share/ZQOD2PPJKN" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Current News In Brief</a> | </strong><strong><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Blogs/view/html?cs=m&sb=y" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Blogs</a> </strong></h3></div><div><strong><br /></strong></div><div> <iframe frameborder="0" height="800" src="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Blogs/view/html?cs=m&sb=y" tabindex="-1" width="670"></iframe> </div><div><br /></div><strong><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Blogs/view/html?cs=m&sb=y" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Blogs</a> | </strong><strong><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Sites/view/html?cs=m&sb=y" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Sites</a> </strong></div><div><strong><br /></strong></div><div> <iframe frameborder="0" height="800" src="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Sites/view/html?cs=m&sb=y" tabindex="-1" width="670"></iframe> </div><div> <strong><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Sites/view/html?cs=m&sb=y" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Sites</a></strong> | <strong><a href="https://bklyntimes.com/news/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">News Review Links from</a> | </strong><strong><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/The%20Brookyn%20Times/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The Brookyn Times Posts</a> | </strong><strong><a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=BklynTimes.com&src=typed_query&f=live" rel="noopener" target="_blank">BklynTimes.com</a> – <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=BklynTimes.com&src=typed_query&f=live" rel="noopener" target="_blank">On Twitter</a></strong></div></div></div></div><div class="timeline-Tweet-retweetCredit"><div class="timeline-Tweet-retweetCreditIcon"><div aria-label="" role="presentation" style="text-align: center;" title=""><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/The%20Brookyn%20Times/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The Brookyn Times Posts</a> |</strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Links%20and%20Pages/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Links and Pages</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/The%20News%20And%20Times%20Blog%20on%20Blogger/view/html">The News And Times Blog</a>| </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/The%20Brooklyn%20News%20And%20Times%20Blog/view/html">The Brooklyn News And Times Blog</a></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/all-articles/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">All Articles Review</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/user-favorites/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Selected Articles Review</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Shared%20Links/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Shared Links</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Opinions/view/html">Opinions Review</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/YouTube%20subscriptions/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Video Review</a> | <a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Audio%20Review/view/html">Audio Review</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Brooklyn%20and%20NY%20Video%20News/view/html">Brooklyn and NY Video News</a> | <a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/New%20York%20Weather/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">New York Weather</a></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Putin/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Putin News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=pandora+papers&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Pandora Papers</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=panama+papers&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Panama papers</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=russian+fifth+column&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Russian Fifth Column</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=ksors+usa&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">“ksors usa” – Google News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Trump+and+the+Russian+Mob">Trump and the Russian Mob</a></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Brooklyn%20News%20Review/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn News Review</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Brooklyn+News" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn News from Google</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Brooklyn+NY">Brooklyn NY – Google News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Brooklyn+in+The+New+York+Times" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn in The New York Times</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://nypost.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn in The New York Post</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Brooklyn+in+New+York+Daily+News" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn in New York Daily News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.brooklynpaper.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn Paper</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://brooklyneagle.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn Eagle</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://shorefrontnews.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Shorefront News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Brooklyn+Politics" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Brooklyn Politics</a></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Russia News Review</strong></p> <div class="textwidget" style="text-align: center;"><div class="site-logo faux-heading"><a aria-current="page" class="custom-logo-link" href="https://russianewsreview.org/" rel="home"><img alt="Russia News Review" class="custom-logo" height="512" src="https://russianewsreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/cropped-putintrump.gif" width="512" /></a><span class="screen-reader-text">Russia News Review</span></div><a href="https://russianewsreview.org/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>Russia News Review – russianewsreview.org – The News And Times Information Network</strong></a> </div><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.newsblur.com/folder/Russia%20News%20and%20News%20In%20Russian">Russia News and News In Russian</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=Russian+New+York&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">“Russian New York” – Google News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://brightonbeachnews.com/rus" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Новости Русского Нью-Йорка</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Russian+Brooklyn" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Russian Brooklyn</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en&oc=11&q=Russian+Mafia+in+Brooklyn" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Russian Mafia in Brooklyn</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">“Русский Бруклин” – Google News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=Russia&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Russia – Google News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://news.google.com/search?q=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F&hl=en-US&gl=US&ceid=US:en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">“Россия” – Google News</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://rusreality.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Russian Reality</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.kasparov.ru/">Каспаров.Ru</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="http://ru-mir.net/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Русский Мир</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://russian.eurasianet.org/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Eurasianet: Русская Служба</a></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Sites/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Sites</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://fbireform.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">FBI Reform – fbireform.com</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Tweets/view/html">Tweets</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Brooklyn%20on%20Twitter/view/html">Brooklyn on Twitter</a> | </strong><strong><a class="rsswidget" href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/JOSSICA/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">JOSSICA RSS – Feed & Page</a></strong></p><h4 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://newsandtimes.net/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>The News And Times Information Network</strong></a></h4><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a href="https://www.blogger.com/profile/16170630803431932200" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Blogs</a>: <a href="https://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com</a>, <a href="https://brooklynnewsandtimes.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">brooklynnewsandtimes.blogspot.com</a>, <a href="https://fbinewsreview.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">fbinewsreview.blogspot.com</a>, <a href="https://trumpinvestigations.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">trumpinvestigations.blogspot.com</a>, <a href="https://tweetsandnews.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">tweetsandnews.blogspot.com</a>, <a href="https://newslinksandbundles.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">newslinksandbundles.blogspot.com</a>, <a href="https://prjournal-1.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">prjournal-1.blogspot.com</a>, <a href="https://pr-times.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">pr-times.blogspot.com</a>.</strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Sites/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Sites</a>: newsandtimes.net, news-links.org, <a href="https://mynewslinks.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">mynewslinks.com</a>, <a href="https://news-channels.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">news-channels.com</a>, <a href="https://audio-posts.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">audio-posts.com</a>, <a href="https://fbireform.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">fbireform.com</a>, <a href="https://bklyn-ny.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">bklyn-ny.com</a>, <a href="https://bklyntimes.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">bklyntimes.com</a>, bklynnews.com, <a href="https://bklynradio.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">bklynradio.com</a>, <a href="https://russianewsreview.org/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">russianewsreview.org</a>, <a href="https://russia-news.org/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">russia-news.org</a>, </strong><strong><a href="https://trumpismandtrump.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">trumpismandtrump.com</a>, <a href="http://trumpinvestigations.net/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">trumpinvestigations.net</a>, jibaronews.com, <a href="http://pr-times.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">pr-times.com</a>, <a href="https://coronavirusalerts.net/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">coronavirusalerts.net</a>, gayland.org. </strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.rssdog.com/index.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fthenewsandtimes.blogspot.com%2Ffeeds%2Fposts%2Fdefault&mode=javascript&showonly=&maxitems=50&showdescs=1&desctrim=0&descmax=0&tabwidth=100%25&showdate=1&xmlbtn=1&utf8=1&linktarget=_blank&bordercol=%23d4d0c8&headbgcol=%23999999&headtxtcol=%23ffffff&titlebgcol=%23f1eded&titletxtcol=%23000000&itembgcol=%23ffffff&itemtxtcol=%23000000" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>Latest Posts</strong></a><strong> | </strong><b><a href="https://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/2021/07/23-2018.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The News And Times</a> | </b><b><a href="https://shared-links.com/the-news-and-times-blog/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Review of News and Opinions from Michael Novakhov</a> | </b><b><a href="http://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com</a> | </b><strong><a href="https://shared-links.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Current News Headlines</a> | <a href="https://www.rssdog.com/index.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inoreader.com%2Fstream%2Fuser%2F1006407045%2Ftag%2Fall-articles&mode=javascript&showonly=&maxitems=50&showdescs=0&desctrim=0&descmax=0&tabwidth=100%25&showdate=1&xmlbtn=1&utf8=1&linktarget=_blank&bordercol=%23d4d0c8&headbgcol=%23999999&headtxtcol=%23ffffff&titlebgcol=%23f1eded&titletxtcol=%23000000&itembgcol=%23ffffff&itemtxtcol=%23000000" rel="noopener" target="_blank">RSS Link</a> | <a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/all-articles/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">RSS Page</a> | <a href="http://feed.informer.com/share/ZQOD2PPJKN" rel="noopener" target="_blank">In Brief</a><a href="https://shared-links.com/current-news/current-news-in-brief/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Page</a></strong></p> <h4 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>The News And Times Blog</strong></a></h4><p style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/2021/07/23-2018.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The News And Times</a> | </b><b><a href="https://shared-links.com/the-news-and-times-blog/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Review of News and Opinions from Michael Novakhov</a> | </b><b><a href="http://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com</a> | </b><strong><a href="https://shared-links.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Current News Headlines</a> | <a href="https://www.rssdog.com/index.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inoreader.com%2Fstream%2Fuser%2F1006407045%2Ftag%2Fall-articles&mode=javascript&showonly=&maxitems=50&showdescs=0&desctrim=0&descmax=0&tabwidth=100%25&showdate=1&xmlbtn=1&utf8=1&linktarget=_blank&bordercol=%23d4d0c8&headbgcol=%23999999&headtxtcol=%23ffffff&titlebgcol=%23f1eded&titletxtcol=%23000000&itembgcol=%23ffffff&itemtxtcol=%23000000" rel="noopener" target="_blank">RSS Link</a> | <a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/all-articles/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">RSS Page</a> | <a href="http://feed.informer.com/share/ZQOD2PPJKN" rel="noopener" target="_blank">In Brief</a><a href="https://shared-links.com/current-news/current-news-in-brief/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Page</a></strong></p> <div class="separator" style="text-align: center;"> <a href="https://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><img border="0" class="aligncenter" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="512" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QqNXKi-kVZI/YPneeALAZKI/AAAAAAAAFOE/lcvA9R5gzaQZZNfwGIWkSzbANjOSEnMFQCLcBGAsYHQ/s320/tnt-2.png" /></a><p class="title"><strong>My Opinions In Black And White</strong></p> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://thenewsandtimes.blogspot.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><b>The News And Times Blog</b></a> <strong>| <a href="https://www.rssdog.com/index.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthenewsandtimes.blogspot.com%2Ffeeds%2Fposts%2Fdefault&mode=javascript&showonly=&maxitems=50&showdescs=1&desctrim=0&descmax=0&tabwidth=100%25&showdate=1&xmlbtn=1&utf8=1&linktarget=_blank&bordercol=%23d4d0c8&headbgcol=%23999999&headtxtcol=%23ffffff&titlebgcol=%23f1eded&titletxtcol=%23000000&itembgcol=%23ffffff&itemtxtcol=%23000000" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The News And Times Blog Posts RSS Feed</a></strong></div></div><h4 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/Links%20and%20Pages/view/html?cs=m&sb=y" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>Links and Pages</strong></a></h4><h3 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.inoreader.com/stream/user/1006407045/tag/user-favorites/view/html" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>Selected Articles</strong></a><strong> | <a href="http://feed.informer.com/share/9LINS4Y7XR" rel="noopener" target="_blank">In Brief</a> | <a href="http://feed.informer.com/share/ZQOD2PPJKN" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Current News In Brief</a></strong></h3></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">Interdisciplinary Review of General, Forensic, Prison and Military Psychiatry and Psychology and the related subjects of Behavior and Law with the occasional notes and comments by Michael Novakhov, M.D. (Mike Nova).</div>2022-01-28T15:27:58Zurn:uuid:9dce1cb1-4058-98a6-6e93-e94972f081a9Michael Novakhov (Mike Nova)Sensory Penalties: Exploring the Senses in Spaces of Punishment and Social Control. Edited by Kate Herrity, Bethany E. Schmidt and Jason Warr (Emerald, 2021, 296pp., £70.00 Hbk)<span class="paragraphSection">Sensory Penalties: Exploring the Senses in Spaces of Punishment and Social Control. Edited by HerrityKate, SchmidtBethany E. and WarrJason (Emerald, 2021, 296pp., £70.00 Hbk)</span>2021-08-21T00:00:00Zurn:uuid:291edc38-073e-6a08-64d8-24f74eb14259Earle R. Male, Failed, Jailed: Masculinities and “Revolving-Door” Imprisonment in the UK. By D. Maguire (Palgrave, 2021, 243pp, £89.99 hb)<span class="paragraphSection">Male, Failed, Jailed: Masculinities and “Revolving-Door” Imprisonment in the UK. By MaguireD. (Palgrave, 2021, 243pp, £89.99 hb)</span>2021-07-01T00:00:00Zurn:uuid:ebd73c65-0273-5196-8e1b-56b4e879924cSchinkel M. Interactional Justice: The role of Emotions in the Performance of Loyalty. By lisa flower (Routledge, 2020, 220pp. £36.99 pb)<span class="paragraphSection">Interactional Justice: The role of Emotions in the Performance of Loyalty. By lisa flower (Routledge, 2020, 220pp. £36.99 pb).</span>2021-05-25T00:00:00Zurn:uuid:172c21fe-3cf7-5261-56b8-6cd442e93f17Gunby C. Mapping the Pains of Neo-Colonialism: A Critical Elaboration of Southern Criminology<span class="paragraphSection"><div class="boxTitle">Abstract</div>Recent appeals to decolonize criminology argue for a radical reorientation of the subject towards Global South relevant research agendas, theories and scholars. This paper begins by problematizing the current theoretical tendencies in Southern criminology’s view of coloniality and the vision for decolonization. First, Southern criminology has not directly engaged in investigating ‘empire’ in its current form; second, decolonization is viewed as primarily epistemological (transforming systems of knowledge production is seen as the central mode for decolonization); and, third, there is a tendency to reify Southern institutional responses to crime as preferable to Northern crime control. Launching from this critique, we argue that a successful Southern criminology should take seriously the continuing importance of structures of neo-colonialization: the Global system of accumulation founded on various matrixes of inequality, facilitating dispossession, appropriation and exploitation. We develop three criminological analyses of contemporary neo-colonization in Global South contexts: state-corporate ‘regimes of permission’, political economies of gender violence and racialization through criminalization regimes.</span>2021-05-17T00:00:00Zurn:uuid:b97c1841-3c60-127f-9d94-fc12ec891188Ciocchini P, Greener J. #CarolBerman M.D., THE #FBI #INFORMANT and the #psychopathic #nincompoop who #destroyed the #American #Psychiatry. #American #Psychiatry became the servant to #FBI. Former #APA official Carol Berman was and is the FBI informer closely connected with them <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/carolberman?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#carolberman</a> md, THE <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/FBI?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#FBI</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/INFORMANT?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#INFORMANT</a> and the <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/psychopathic?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#psychopathic</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/nincompoop?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#nincompoop</a> who <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/destroyed?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#destroyed</a> the <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/American?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#American</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Psychiatry?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Psychiatry</a>- Google Search <a href="https://t.co/bnGFZEJGmV">https://t.co/bnGFZEJGmV</a> <a href="https://t.co/yIaPvo4M04">pic.twitter.com/yIaPvo4M04</a></p>— Michael Novakhov (@mikenov) <a href="https://twitter.com/mikenov/status/1391361764223225857?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 9, 2021</a></blockquote> <script async="" charset="utf-8" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/American?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#American</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Psychiatry?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Psychiatry</a> became the servant to <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/FBI?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#FBI</a>. Former <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/APA?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#APA</a> official Carol Berman was and is the FBI informant closely connected with them through her sex partner who worked for FBI. FBI used the American Psychiatry as their tool of suppression. Details will follow. INVESTIGATE! <a href="https://t.co/lpKji3Lxvw">pic.twitter.com/lpKji3Lxvw</a></p>— Michael Novakhov (@mikenov) <a href="https://twitter.com/mikenov/status/1391360608965218308?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 9, 2021</a></blockquote> <script async="" charset="utf-8" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script> -<div class="blogger-post-footer">Interdisciplinary Review of General, Forensic, Prison and Military Psychiatry and Psychology and the related subjects of Behavior and Law with the occasional notes and comments by Michael Novakhov, M.D. (Mike Nova).</div>2021-05-09T12:26:52Zurn:uuid:e2a787fa-baa6-71db-dc4a-71f7008cffaeMichael Novakhov (Mike Nova)